基础回炉：跨段整合旧指标、缺口与新标准

能力目标：跨段整合证据

综合题要求把分散在不同段落的信息连接起来。不能只在某一段找到相似词；要识别第二段是在解释第一段问题、限制第一段结论，还是提供解决方案。

自拟短文

Many local governments publish open datasets in the hope that residents and businesses will create useful services. Download counts are often reported as evidence of success.

Interviews with users reveal a different obstacle. Files may be technically available yet lack descriptions, stable formats or clear update schedules. Users then spend more time cleaning data than building services.

Several cities now evaluate publication by whether outsiders can reuse the information. They test documentation with new users and announce when formats will change.

题目：Why have some cities changed how they evaluate open data?

A. Download counts alone do not show whether data can be reused effectively.
B. Residents have stopped downloading public files.
C. Businesses demand that all data remain unchanged forever.
D. Governments no longer want useful services.

跨段合并

第一段给旧指标，第二段解释它漏掉的可复用障碍，第三段推出新评价。A 把三段压缩成完整因果链。正确证据不在某一句，而是“旧指标—实际缺口—新标准”的组合。

B 把“下载数不足以证明成功”偷换成无人下载；C 把稳定格式和更新预告夸大为永不改变；D 与首段目标相反。

指标与目标

下载是活动指标，可复用才接近目标指标。综合题常要求识别两者差别：活动发生不代表最终价值实现。

独立练习

第三段的 documentation testing 具体回应第二段哪个问题？

**答案：**回应缺少说明导致外部用户难以理解和清洗数据的问题；它不直接解决所有格式变化，但与更新预告共同改善可复用性。

独立动作验收

用三个箭头写出全文因果链，并指出 A 如何同时覆盖旧指标缺口与新评价目标。