阅读训练诊断：从错题定位最早错误动作

本批训练目标

这一批不是按年份背答案，而是把八种阅读动作依次练成：证据诊断、精准定位、同义改写、干扰项识别、段落功能、因果与态度、推理边界、主旨结构。第一课先建立诊断动作：做错后必须找到最早发生的错误，而不是笼统归因于词汇差。

自拟短文

A town replaced printed bus timetables with an app. Officials expected the change to reduce uncertainty. Yet older passengers often checked the app less frequently, not because they opposed technology, but because mobile data was unreliable near several stops. The town later restored simple display boards while keeping the app.

题目：Why did some older passengers use the app less often?

A. They disliked every form of technology.
B. Network access was unstable at some stops.
C. Printed timetables were always more accurate.
D. Officials had removed the bus service.

从题干到证据

题干对象是 older passengers，方向是原因，动作是 use the app less often。原文用 not because A, but because B 明确排除技术抵触，确认部分站点的数据连接不稳定。正确答案 B 把 mobile data was unreliable 改写成 network access was unstable。

A 是典型“被原文明确否定”；C 添加 always 且原文未比较准确度；D 偷换“撤掉纸质时刻表”为“取消公交服务”。

诊断表

若你错选 A，最早错误是没有处理否定—转折结构；错选 C，是用常识补充原文；错选 D，是对象层级混淆。复盘时写成“我忽略 not…but…，下次圈出被排除原因”，而不是“粗心”。

独立验收

不看解析，写出：题干对象、问题方向、原文最小充分证据、B 的同义改写、其余三项的错误标签。

**答案标准：**五项必须齐全；只写 B 不通过。学生应能独立把一次错题还原成可修复动作。