2006—2007 进阶：同义改写的三种形式

能力目标：识别同义改写

正确选项通常不会照抄原句。它可能换词性、改主被动、上下位概括或把否定表达改成肯定反义词。判断标准不是词长得像不像，而是核心命题是否保持。

自拟短文

Many employees valued remote work for the time it saved. Managers, however, noticed that new staff were slower to learn informal routines. One firm responded by pairing each newcomer with an experienced colleague for brief daily check-ins. The aim was not constant supervision, but quicker access to practical advice.

题目：Why did the firm introduce daily check-ins?

A. To monitor every minute of new employees' work.
B. To help newcomers obtain practical guidance sooner.
C. To persuade experienced staff to work remotely.
D. To replace all informal routines with written rules.

同义链

原文目的为 quicker access to practical advice。B 用 obtain practical guidance sooner 改写：access to → obtain，advice → guidance，quicker → sooner。词面变化较大，命题不变。

A 复用了 supervision，却被 not constant supervision, but... 明确排除；C 混淆帮助者与被帮助者；D 把“学习非正式惯例”改成“全部替换”。

三种可靠改写

1. 词性转换：the decline of costs ↔ costs declined；
2. 主被动转换：the policy limits waste ↔ waste is limited by the policy；
3. 否定反义：rarely stable ↔ usually unstable。

改写后仍要检查范围和程度。some 不能因换词被写成 most，may 不能被写成 will。

独立练习

把原文 new staff were slower to learn informal routines 改写为不改变命题的一句话。

**参考答案：**New employees needed more time to become familiar with unwritten workplace practices.

独立验收

列出 B 中三组同义对应，并说明 A 为什么不是“部分正确”。答案必须指出原文用 not…but…排除了监控目的；只说 A 太绝对不够精确。