事件名词：还原施事、对象与动作链

核心动作：把事件名词接回动作链

名词常压缩一个完整事件，如 regulation、allocation、assessment。学习名词时要记录它对应的动词、施事、对象和结果，这样才能理解 of/by/to 结构。

自拟材料

The allocation of research funds by the council favored long-term projects. This decision led to a reduction in support for short pilot studies.

allocation ← allocate：council 分配 research funds；reduction ← reduce：support for pilot studies 减少。by 引出施事，of 引出被分配对象，in 引出发生变化的指标。

事件名词卡

不要记 allocation=分配一个中文。应写：X allocates Y to Z，名词化后 the allocation of Y to Z by X。论元位置保存下来，阅读就不会颠倒谁给谁。

错解反馈

若把 council 当资金接受者，是忽略 by 的施事标记。若把 long-term projects 当被减少对象，则未跟踪第二句 support for short studies。

正文练习

恢复：The assessment of risks by independent experts influenced the approval of the plan.

**答案：**Independent experts assessed the risks, and that assessment influenced whether the plan was approved.

独立验收

为 allocation、reduction、assessment、approval 各写动词链，标施事、对象与结果。