词族转换：识别真题同义改写

核心动作：词族转换与同义改写

阅读选项常把原文名词结构改成动词句，或把形容词性质改成抽象名词。学生若只按词形查找，会错过正确改写。本课训练“共同词根+句法重写”。

自拟语境

The committee's rejection of the proposal was unexpected. Members rejected it not because the goal lacked value, but because the evidence was incomplete.

rejection of the proposal 与 rejected it 表达同一事件，一个名词化，一个动词化。正确选项可能写 The proposal was turned down，再次用被动和短语动词改写。

三类转换

1. 名词→动词：a reduction in cost → cost was reduced；
2. 形容词→名词：the method is reliable → the reliability of the method；
3. 主动→被动：evidence supports the claim → the claim is supported by evidence。

转换时必须保留施事、对象、否定和程度。a slight reduction 不能改成 costs fell dramatically。

错解反馈

若认为 rejection 与 rejected 是两个事件，问题是只按表面词形切分。复盘要写出共同词根和论元关系：committee 拒绝 proposal。

正文练习

把 The instability of prices discouraged investment 改成形容词结构。

**参考答案：**Because prices were unstable, investors were discouraged. 需要保留因果和受影响对象。

独立验收

完成 reduction、reliability、rejection 三组转换，每组至少写两种句法形式，并核对对象、程度与逻辑是否不变。