健康与医疗 Health

Health and illness words help you talk to doctors, describe how you feel, and understand medical advice.

Symptoms (症状):

• pain / ache: feeling of hurting (back pain, headache)
• headache: pain in head
• stomachache: pain in stomach
• toothache: pain in tooth
• sore throat: throat hurts when swallowing
• fever / high temperature: body feels hot (over 37°C)
• cough: pushing air out of lungs with noise
• cold: common virus illness (runny nose, cough)
• flu / influenza: stronger virus with fever and body aches
• runny nose: liquid coming from nose
• stuffy nose: blocked nose, can't breathe well
• sneeze: sudden air out of nose/mouth
• vomit / throw up: food comes back from stomach
• nausea: feeling you might vomit
• dizzy: room seems to spin, unsteady
• tired / fatigue: no energy, want to sleep
• itchy: skin feels like it needs scratching
• rash: red spots on skin

Illness types (疾病类型):

• infectious / contagious: can spread from person to person (cold, flu)
• chronic: long-term illness lasting months/years (diabetes, asthma)
• acute: sudden, short illness (appendicitis)
• allergy: body reacts badly to something (pollen, food)
• virus: tiny germ causing cold, flu, COVID
• bacterial infection: illness from bacteria (strep throat)

Medical people (医疗人员):

• doctor / physician: medical professional
• nurse: helps doctor, gives medicine
• dentist: works on teeth
• surgeon: doctor who operates
• pharmacist: gives medicine from prescription

Medical places (医疗场所):

• hospital: big medical center for serious cases
• clinic: smaller place for everyday medical care
• emergency room / ER: for urgent problems
• pharmacy / drugstore: place to buy medicine

Medicine and treatment (药物与治疗):

• medicine / medication: substance to make you better
• pill / tablet: solid medicine you swallow
• capsule: medicine inside small container
• liquid medicine: syrup you drink
• injection / shot: medicine through needle
• prescription: doctor's paper to get medicine
• over-the-counter medicine: no prescription needed
• surgery / operation: doctor cuts body to fix problem
• X-ray: picture of bones inside body
• bandage: cloth to cover and protect wound

Practice: Write a dialogue between patient and doctor describing symptoms and getting advice.