PET 专项突破

条件句:第一类与第二类

14 分钟

条件句是「如果……就……」,B1 要求掌握前两类。


第一类条件句:真实可能发生的事

公式:If + 一般现在时, 主句 will + 动词原形

  • If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
  • If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
  • If I have time, I'll help you.

核心规则:主将从现——if 从句里绝对不能用 will

  • If it will rain(错)→ If it rains(对)

这条规则同样适用于 when / before / after / as soon as / until 引导的时间状语从句

  • I'll call you when I get home.(不是 when I will get)
  • Wait here until he comes.(不是 until he will come)

主句还可以用别的形式

  • 情态动词:If you're tired, you can rest.
  • 祈使句:If you see him, tell him to call me.
  • may/might:If it rains, we might cancel it.

第二类条件句:与现在事实相反的假设

公式:If + 一般过去时, 主句 would + 动词原形

  • If I were you, I would take the job.(我不是你——假设)
  • If I had a million dollars, I would travel the world.(我没有——假设)
  • If she knew the answer, she would tell us.(她不知道)

两个关键点

① be 动词一律用 were(所有人称):

  • If I were you...(不是 was)
  • If he were here...

虽然口语里 was 也常听到,但考试里写 were 最稳

② 从句用过去式,但说的是现在。 这是「虚拟」的意思——用过去时表示「不真实」。


两类条件句的对比(考点)

第一类 第二类
表示 可能发生 不太可能/与事实相反
if 从句 一般现在时 一般过去时(be 用 were)
主句 will + 原形 would + 原形
If it rains, I'll stay in.(可能真下雨) If I were a bird, I would fly.(不可能)

同一件事,两种说法,语气完全不同

  • If I have enough money, I'll buy a car.(有希望攒够)
  • If I had enough money, I'd buy a car.(现在没钱,只是想想)

三个必备的固定句型

  1. If I were you, I would... —— 给建议的最佳句型

    If I were you, I would talk to the teacher.

  2. Unless = if not —— 除非

    Unless you hurry, you'll miss the bus. = If you don't hurry...
    注意:unless 后面用肯定形式,不要再加 not。

  3. What would you do if...? —— 口语常见提问

PET 里怎么考

  • 阅读 Part 6:填 if / unless / would
  • 写作:给建议时用 If I were you;谈计划时用第一类
  • 口语 Part 3、4:讨论选择时非常有用

    If we chose the camera, she would be able to take photos.


练习:填空

  1. If it ____ (be) sunny tomorrow, we ____ (go) to the beach.
  2. If I ____ (be) you, I ____ (not buy) that phone.
  3. ____ you leave now, you'll be late.(除非)
  4. I'll tell him ____ he ____ (arrive).(等他到)
  5. If she ____ (have) more time, she ____ (learn) the piano.(她现在没时间)
小纸条

第一类和第二类条件句的公式各是什么?unless 后面用肯定还是否定形式?

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