拼写:那些年丢掉的分
约 13 分钟
Part 5 和写作都要求拼写正确。KET 常考的词就那么一千多个,但每年都有人在最简单的词上丢分。这一节做一次集中扫雷。
一、最常拼错的 20 个词
| 正确 | 常见错法 | 记法 |
|---|---|---|
| because | becuase, becouse | be-cause(因为有原因) |
| beautiful | beautifull, beatiful | beauti + ful,只有一个 l |
| friend | freind | fri-end(朋友到最后 end) |
| receive | recieve | e 在 i 前(除非前面是 c:c-ei) |
| believe | beleive | be-lie-ve(相信里有个谎 lie) |
| restaurant | restarant | rest-au-rant |
| favourite | favorite(美式,KET 英式拼写用 favourite,两者都接受) | — |
| different | diffrent | diff-er-ent,三音节 |
| interesting | intresting | inter-est-ing |
| weather | wether, whether(意思不同!) | weather 天气,whether 是否 |
| their / there / they're | 混用 | their 他们的/there 那里/they're = they are |
| your / you're | 混用 | your 你的/you're = you are |
| its / it's | 混用 | its 它的/it's = it is |
| which | wich | wh 开头 |
| write | rite | 有个不发音的 w |
| know | now(意思不同) | know 有 k,now 是现在 |
| buy / by / bye | 混用 | buy 买/by 被、乘/bye 再见 |
| wear / where | 混用 | wear 穿/where 哪里 |
| too / to / two | 混用 | too 也/太/to 到/two 二 |
| quite / quiet | 混用 | quite 相当/quiet 安静(多一个 e,多一分安静) |
their / there / they're 和 its / it's 是失分之王,写作里几乎每次都有人错。
二、四条拼写规则(能覆盖大部分变形)
1. 加 -s 变复数/三单
- 一般加 s;s/x/ch/sh/o 结尾加 es;辅音+y 变 ies
2. 加 -ed / -ing
- 去 e:make → making, made
- 双写:stop → stopped, stopping(短元音 + 单辅音)
- 辅音+y 变 i 加 ed:study → studied(但 ing 不变:studying)
3. 加 -er / -est
- big → bigger, biggest(双写)
- happy → happier, happiest(y 变 i)
- nice → nicer, nicest(去 e)
4. 加 -ly 变副词
- happy → happily(y 变 i)
- terrible → terribly(去 e 加 y)
- careful → carefully(两个 l)
三、英式 vs 美式拼写
KET 是英国考试,但两种拼写都接受,只要全文统一。
| 英式 | 美式 |
|---|---|
| colour, favourite, neighbour | color, favorite, neighbor |
| centre, theatre | center, theater |
| travelling, cancelled | traveling, canceled |
| practise(动词)/ practice(名词) | practice(都用) |
唯一的要求:别混用。 一篇作文里既写 colour 又写 favorite,会被判为不一致。
四、怎么练拼写
- 听写,不是看写。看着抄十遍记不住,听着写三遍就记住了。
- 只练自己错过的词。全班的易错词表不如你自己的错词表。
- 按音节拆:re-stau-rant,一段一段念着写。
练习:把上面第一张表遮住右边,自己写一遍这 20 个词,圈出写错的,做成你的个人错词卡。
小纸条
写出 their / there / they're 和 its / it's 的区别。receive 和 believe 里 ie 的顺序怎么记?
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