Part 4 高频近义词辨析

近义词辨析是 Part 4 最爱考、也最容易错的一类。这一节把 KET 范围内的高频组一次讲清。

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1. say / tell / speak / talk

词	后面跟什么	例句
say	说的内容	He said hello. / She said that she was tired.
tell	人 + 内容	He told me the news.（tell 后面必须先跟人）
speak	语言	She speaks English.
talk	to / about	I talked to him about the film.

记法：say 说话，tell 告诉人，speak 说语言，talk 聊天要带介词。

错例：He said me the news.（错）→ He told me / He said to me.

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2. borrow / lend

• borrow ... from ... 从别人那里借进来：Can I borrow your pen?
• lend ... to ... 把东西借出去：Can you lend me your pen?

记法：borrow 是拿进来，lend 是给出去。 判断方向：主语是「得到东西的人」用 borrow，是「给出东西的人」用 lend。

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3. bring / take / carry / get

• bring 带来（朝说话人方向）：Bring your book to class.
• take 带走（离开说话人）：Take your umbrella with you.
• carry 搬、扛（强调用手拿着）：He carried the heavy box.
• get 去拿来：I'll get some water.

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4. look / see / watch / read

• look at 主动去看（动作）：Look at the picture!
• see 看见（结果）：I saw a bird.
• watch 观看一段时间：watch TV / watch a match
• read 读文字：read a book / read a newspaper

注意：看电视用 watch，看书用 read，看电影两个都行（watch a film 在家看，see a film 去影院看）。

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5. listen / hear

• listen to 主动去听：Listen to me!
• hear 听见（结果）：I heard a noise.

规律：look 和 listen 是「主动动作」且都要带介词（at / to）；see 和 hear 是「结果」，不带介词。

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6. wear / put on / dress / in

• wear 穿着（状态）：She is wearing a red coat.
• put on 穿上（动作）：Put on your coat, it's cold.
• be in + 颜色/衣服：the girl in red

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7. 其他高频组

arrive in（大地方）／arrive at（小地方）／get to／reach（后面直接跟地点，不加介词）	reach the station
spend（人做主语，spend time/money on sth / in doing）／take（it takes sb time to do）	It took me an hour. / I spent an hour on it.
too 用于肯定句末／either 用于否定句末	Me too. / Me neither.
also（句中）／too（句末）	I also like it. / I like it, too.

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练习：选词填空

1. Can you ____ (borrow / lend) me your book?
2. He ____ (said / told) me an interesting story.
3. ____ (Listen / Hear) to the music!
4. It ____ (spent / took) me two hours to finish.
5. She ____ (is wearing / is putting on) a blue dress today.